India's Premier Hypersonic Research Facility

Laboratory for Hypersonic &
Shock wave Research
IISc Bengaluru

Pushing the boundaries of high-speed flight science. LHSR operates India's most comprehensive suite of hypersonic shock tunnels, advancing aerospace research from Mach 4 to Mach 12 and specific enthalpy from 0.3 MJ/kg to 10 MJ/kg.

5+
Shock Tunnels
M12
Max Mach Number
10
MJ/kg Peak Enthalpy
30+
Lab Members
1971
India's First HST
Scroll

Decades of Hypersonic Excellence

The Laboratory for Hypersonic and Shock wave Research (LHSR) at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru is a world-leading research facility dedicated to the study of high-speed flows, shock waves, and hypersonic aerodynamics.

Home to India's first hypersonic shock tunnel, LHSR has been at the forefront of aerospace research for decades. Our facilities enable ground-testing of vehicles designed to fly faster than Mach 5 — bridging the gap between computational models and real flight conditions.

Our interdisciplinary team of faculty, research scientists, and students work on fundamental and applied problems spanning aerodynamic design, combustion chemistry, plasma physics, and materials under extreme conditions.

Core Research Areas

01 //

Hypersonic Aerodynamics

Experimental and computational investigations of hypersonic flows, including shock–boundary layer interactions, aerodynamic heating, and high-speed inlet design.
Hypersonic aeroelasticity research poster
02 //
Hypersonic Aeroelasticity
Fluid–structure interactions in high-speed flows, including panel flutter, shock-induced deformation, and aero-thermo-elastic coupling.
High enthalpy free piston shock tunnel
03 //
High-Enthalpy Flows
Real-gas effects, thermal non-equilibrium, dissociation, ionization, and radiation in hypersonic and re-entry environments.
Shock wave tunnel hardware
04 //
Shockwave Physics
Fundamental studies of shock wave generation, propagation, reflection, and interaction with boundary layers, structures, and materials.
Chemical shock tube for kinetics studies
05 //
High Temperature Chemical Kinetics
High-temperature reaction kinetics using shock tubes, including ignition delay measurements, spectroscopy, and non-equilibrium chemistry.
Vertical shock tube for shock-wave applications
06 //
Biological Engineering
Shock-wave-based biomedical and bioengineering applications, including cell manipulation, medical therapies, and biological flow studies.
Sputtering unit for material coatings
07 //
Materials
Behavior of materials under extreme thermal and shock loading, including thermal protection systems and high-temperature material characterization.
Compact tunnel for blast and shock tests
08 //
Blast-wave Physics
Explosion dynamics, blast wave propagation, and interaction with structures, fluids, and biological systems.
Flow reactor experimental setup
09 //
Industrial Applications
Applications of shock and high-speed flow physics in aerospace, energy systems, defense technologies, and industrial processes.
🚀
Hypersonic Aerodynamics & Propulsion
Our flagship research area covers the aerodynamics of vehicles traveling at speeds exceeding Mach 5. We investigate shock-boundary layer interactions, aerodynamic heating, hypersonic intake design, scramjet propulsion, and the aerodynamic performance of re-entry vehicles. We use our world-class shock tunnels to replicate high-altitude, high-speed flight conditions in the laboratory.
SBLI Scramjet Intakes Aerodynamic Heating Re-entry Vehicles Hypersonic Cruise Air-breathing Propulsion
Hypersonic Aerodynamics & Propulsion Hypersonic Aerodynamics & Propulsion
💥
Shock Wave Physics
We study the generation, propagation, reflection, and interaction of shock waves in various media. This spans from classical gas dynamics to shock-induced phase transitions and focusing. Applications include industrial shock processing, medical shock-wave therapy, and fundamental gasdynamic research.
Shock Reflection Shock-Shock Interaction Shock Focusing Condensed Matter
Shock Wave Physics Shock Wave Physics
🔬
Chemical Kinetics & Combustion
High-temperature chemical kinetics is central to understanding combustion in supersonic flows. We investigate reaction rates, ignition delays, and species evolution using shock tubes and flow reactors, with spectroscopic diagnostics providing real-time chemical state measurements.
Chemical Kinetics Spectroscopy Supersonic Combustion Flow Reactor
Chemical Kinetics & Combustion Chemical Kinetics & Combustion
🌊
Compressible Flow & Mixing
Understanding mixing in compressible and supersonic flows is critical for scramjet combustor performance. We study compressible mixing layers, supersonic jet injection, and large eddy simulations to understand and enhance mixing in high-speed flows.
Compressible Mixing Layer Supersonic Jets LES Mixing Enhancement
Compressible Flow & Mixing Compressible Flow & Mixing
🦅
Bio-inspired Aerodynamics
Nature has evolved elegant solutions to fluid dynamic challenges over millions of years. We investigate bio-inspired concepts — from bird wing geometry to riblet surfaces — for application in drag reduction, flow control, and novel aerodynamic configurations.
Drag Reduction Flow Control Riblets Biomimetics
Bio-inspired Aerodynamics Bio-inspired Aerodynamics
🔩
Materials Under Extreme Conditions
Vehicles operating at hypersonic speeds face extreme thermal and mechanical loads. We study the deformation of metals under shock loading, develop and characterize thermal barrier coatings for scramjet applications, and investigate material failure under high strain rates.
Thermal Barrier Coatings HCP Metals Shock Loading High Strain Rate
Materials Under Extreme Conditions Materials Under Extreme Conditions

Hypersonic Oblique Shock Simulator

Adjust the upstream Mach number (M₁) and wedge deflection angle (θ) to visualize the resulting oblique shock wave angle (β) and calculate downstream thermodynamic properties.

Shock Angle (β) 0.00°
Pressure Ratio (P₂/P₁) 0.00
Temp Ratio (T₂/T₁) 0.00
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel // HST-1
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel 1
India's First Hypersonic Shock Tunnel (Legacy tunnel, currently not operational)
Driver Section2 m
Driven Section5 m
Internal Diameter50 mm
External Diameter101 mm
Test Section300 × 300 × 450 mm
Mach 4 — 13
HST1
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel // HST-2
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel 2
Driver Section2 m
Driven Section5.12 m
Internal Diameter50 mm
External Diameter75 mm
Test Section300 × 300 × 450 mm
Max Enthalpy0.7 – 3 MJ/kg
Reynolds No. Range1 – 2 million/m
Mach 5.75 — 12
HST2
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel // HST-3
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel 3
Free Piston Shock Tube
Reservoir Length1.3 m
Compression Tube10 m
Driven Tube4.5 m
Piston Mass20 – 30 kg
Compression Ratio60
Test Section300 × 300 × 450 mm
Max Enthalpy3 – 25 MJ/kg
Reynolds No. Range1 – 2 million/m
Mach 6 — 12
HST3
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel // HST-4
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel 4
Large-Scale Test Section
Driver Section2 m
Driven Section10 m
Internal Diameter165 mm
External Diameter200 mm
Test Section1 × 1 × 2.85 m
Max Enthalpy8 MJ/kg
Reynolds No. Range1 – 2 million/m
Mach 6 — 15
HST4
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel // HST-5
Hypersonic Shock Tunnel 5
Combustion Driven
Driver Section3 m
Driven Section4.7 m
Internal Diameter102 mm
External Diameter130 mm
Max Enthalpy2 – 10 MJ/kg
Reynolds No. Range1 – 2 million/m
Mach 6 — 13

4 circumferential spark plugs 2 cm upstream of diaphragm station for combustion driving mode.

HST5
Chemical Shock Tube // CST-1
Chemical Shock Tunnel 1
Driver Section1.8 m
Driven Section3.3 m
Internal Diameter50.8 mm
External Diameter100 mm
Test Section0.4 m
CST1
Chemical Shock Tube // CST-3
Chemical Shock Tunnel 3
Driver Section3.6 m
Driven Section7.6 m
Internal Diameter54 mm
External Diameter100 mm
Test Section0.5 m
CST3
Vertical Shock Tube // VST
Vertical Shock Tube (VST)
Driver Section1.5 m
Driven Section4.3 m
Internal Diameter136 mm
External Diameter168 mm
Shock Pressure100 bar
Test Section870 × 150 × 500 mm
Decay Time1.6 – 20 ms
VST
Compact Tunnel // RT
Reddy Tunnel
Compact Hypersonic Tunnel
Driver Section0.4 m
Driven Section0.6 m
Internal Diameter29 mm
Test Sectionup to 50 mm (crosswise)
Max Enthalpy2 MJ/kg
Mach 4 — 13
Reddy Tunnel
Flow Reactor // FR
Flow Reactor
Chemical Kinetics Laboratory

Dedicated facility for studying chemical kinetics under controlled high-temperature conditions. Used for combustion chemistry, species measurements, and validation of kinetic mechanisms for supersonic combustion applications.

Flow Reactor
Thin Film // SU
Sputtering Unit
Thin Film Deposition

Physical vapor deposition facility for the fabrication of thin film coatings and sensors. Used for developing heat flux gauges, thermal barrier coatings, and specialized sensors for hypersonic test environments.

Sputtering Unit
Gas Supply // CO2
CO₂ Facility
High-Pressure Gas Supply

High-pressure CO₂ storage and delivery system supporting shock tunnel operations and CO₂ Brayton cycle research. Essential infrastructure for experiments involving supercritical CO₂ and planetary entry simulation.

CO2 Facility
Faculty
00 members
Associated Faculty
00 members
Research Members
00 members
PhD Students
00 students
M.Tech Students
00 students
Staff
00 members
Alumni
00 members
Prof. Gopalan Jagadeesh
Hypersonic aerodynamics and shock wave dynamics
Google Scholar ↗
Prof. Srisha Rao M V
High-speed gas dynamics, mixing, and flow diagnostics
Google Scholar ↗
Dr. S. Saravanan
Shock tunnel testing and experimental gas dynamics
Google Scholar ↗

Recent Publications

2024
Surrogate model based multi-objective optimisation of supercritical CO₂ ejectors
S. Paul, R. P. Srikar, Srisha Rao M V, P. Kumar
International Journal of Refrigeration, 2024
View publication ↗
2023
A novel artificial neural network-based streamline tracing strategy applied to hypersonic waverider design
K. P. Karthikeya Bharadwaj, Srisha Rao M V, G. Jagadeesh
APL Machine Learning, 2023
DOI ↗
2023
Low-frequency unsteadiness of recompression shock structures in the diffuser of supersonic ejectors
P. Gupta, P. Kumar, Srisha Rao M V
Physics of Fluids, 2023
DOI ↗
2022
Shock-induced leading-edge separation in hypersonic flows
L. Srinath, R. Sriram, P. Akhilesh, G. Jagadeesh
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2022
DOI ↗
2022
Artificial neural network model for single-phase real gas ejectors
P. Gupta, Srisha Rao M V, P. Kumar
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2022
DOI ↗
2021
Length scale for the estimation of buzz frequency in the limit of high mechanical blockage in mixed-compression intakes
M. K. K. Devaraj, P. Jutur, Srisha M V Rao, G. Jagadeesh, G. T. K. Anavardham
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 2021
DOI ↗
2021
Investigation of local unstart in a hypersonic scramjet intake at a Mach number of 6
M. K. K. Devaraj, P. Jutur, Srisha M V Rao, G. Jagadeesh, G. T. K. Anavardham
Aerospace Science and Technology, 2021
DOI ↗
2021
Effect of the axial cavity with an opposing high-pressure jet combination in a Mach 6 flow condition
B. Sudarshan, S. M. Rao, G. Jagadeesh, S. Saravanan
Acta Astronautica, 2021
DOI ↗
2021
Insights into the shockwave attenuation in miniature shock tubes
S. Janardhanraj, K. Abhishek, G. Jagadeesh
Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2021
View record ↗
2020
Experimental investigation of unstart dynamics driven by subsonic spillage in a hypersonic scramjet intake at Mach 6
M. K. K. Devaraj, P. Jutur, Srisha M V Rao, G. Jagadeesh, G. T. K. Anavardham
Physics of Fluids, 2020
DOI ↗
2020
Impulse loading of plates using a diverging shock tube
O. S. Isaac, G. Jagadeesh
Experimental Mechanics, 2020
DOI ↗
🎓
PhD Positions
We admit PhD students through the IISc admissions process. Students with backgrounds in aerospace, mechanical, chemical engineering, or physics are encouraged to apply. Research opportunities are available in hypersonic aerodynamics, shock wave–boundary layer interactions, chemical kinetics, high-enthalpy flows, and flow control.
📐
M.Tech Research
M.Tech (Research) positions are available for students seeking to develop strong experimental and computational skills in high-speed flows. Projects span flow diagnostics, shock tunnel experimentation, optical measurements, instrumentation development, and data analysis for hypersonic applications.
🔭
Post-Doctoral Fellows
Post-doctoral opportunities are available for candidates with a PhD in aerospace or related disciplines. We seek researchers with strong expertise in experimental gas dynamics, shock tunnel instrumentation, optical diagnostics, or CFD validation in high-speed flows. Candidates are expected to lead independent research and mentor students.
🛠️
Project Associates
Funded project associate positions are available periodically for candidates with B.Tech/M.Tech degrees. These roles involve hands-on experimental work, facility operations, data acquisition, and support for ongoing hypersonic research projects.
🌍
Visiting Researchers
We welcome visiting researchers, interns (from premier institutes), and international collaborators for short-term research stays. Opportunities exist to work on ongoing experimental and computational projects in hypersonic flows, shock wave physics, and diagnostics. Funding may be available through SERB, CSIR, or bilateral research programs.
🤝
Industry Collaboration
LHSR collaborates with organizations such as ISRO, DRDO, NAL, and aerospace industries for sponsored research, testing, and consultancy. We support high-speed flow testing, hypersonic vehicle design studies, and advanced diagnostics. Organizations seeking collaboration are encouraged to reach out.
What We Look For
  • Strong fundamentals in fluid mechanics and thermodynamics
  • Background in aerospace, mechanical, chemical, or physics
  • Enthusiasm for experimental research and hands-on lab work
  • Comfort with data analysis, instrumentation, and uncertainty quantification
  • Ability to work in a collaborative, multidisciplinary environment
  • Programming skills (Python, MATLAB, or equivalent) are advantageous

READY TO APPLY?

Contact Us
Location
Laboratory for Hypersonic and Shock Wave Research
Department of Aerospace Engineering
Indian Institute of Science
Bengaluru – 560012, Karnataka, India
Department
How to reach us
IISc is located in central Bengaluru. The Department of Aerospace Engineering is in the main campus. Visitors should contact us in advance to arrange campus access.
Send a Message
Location on Map